Hi, I’m Paul Fernandes, a fisheries scientist based at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland. I did my first degree in Marine Biology at Port Erin Marine Laboratory on the Isle of Man, which was part of Liverpool University (which sadly closed in 2005 and is now completely gone). Anyway, it was such a wonderful place I stayed on to do my PhD there with Richard Nash, who introduced me to fisheries sonar (Ron Mitsons textbook, a precursor to Fisheries Acoustics). I studied the western Irish Sea tidal mixing front, with Simrad EY-200Ps, one of the first portable echosounders, with an “integrated” inkjet printer: it was noisy, especially at 200 kHz.
After that I did two years (92-93) in Bolivia, waiting for a boat to be ready for an acoustic survey of Lake Titicaca. It never came. So I spent two years helping fishermen conserve rainbow trout and doing dodgy length-based assessments in Elefan: another wonderful place though. Then I went to Ireland and did acoustic surveys all around the Emerald Isle, most of them in the Celtic Sea, but also the west coast and the Irish Sea. Loved it there, working with the legend John Molloy! But they had to let me go (and many others!) when some project accounting went wrong.
Luckily, I met John Simmonds at an ICES WGFAST meeting in 1994 and he had already offered me a job at the Sonar Section in the Marine Lab Aberdeen. I spent 17 fantastic years at the lab. At first doing herring acoustic surveys with John, Dave Reid, Phil Copland and Eric Armstrong (whose funeral we go to on Monday
); geostatistics with John, Jacques Rivoirard, Ken Foote, and Nicolas Bez; sending AUVs out to sea with my best pal Andrew Brierley (
); multibeam sonar with Francois Gerlotto; multifrequency acoustics with Rolf Kornelliussen, Jacques Masse and Anne Lebourges; mackerel acoustic surveys with Rolf & Egil Ona; Lake Victoria acoustic surveys with David MacLennan (
) and herring TS (with my PhD student Sascha Fässler). ICES WGFAST meetings in the 90s were legendary! I then got roped into running trawl surveys for monkfish, and demersal stock assessments, ultimately leading the sea fisheries group and developing a range of other fisheries projects & activities. I missed out on a few ICES WGFAST meetings in the mid 2000s because they clashed with stock assessment working groups which were nowhere near as fun!
By this time the sonar section had been closed down and research at the lab was dwindling, so I left the scientific civil service in 2011 to become an academic at the University of Aberdeen. I had been teaching there as a visiting lecturer since the mid 90’s on their fisheries course, so the transition was straightforward, although I had a bit more teaching to do (marine ecology) and there were more student projects to supervise. I revived my interests in fisheries acoustics there, working on mackerel acoustics (with my PhD student Ben Scoulding); combining active and passive acoustics to study sprat and porpoises (Joshua Lawrence PhD student); mackerel icefish in the Southern Ocean (Niall Fallon, PhD student); broadband (with Alan Fenwick); Greenland cod (James Dunning PhD student); imaging sonar (PhD student Ed Sibley); and the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (Andrew Brierley, Inigo Everson, Roland Proud, Joshua Lawrence et al). Tried to keep up with fisheries science too, working with monkfish assessments (PhD student Rufus Danby), elasmobranchs (PhD student Jessica Monhart, MSc student Janne Haugen, IUCN), ecosystem modelling (Alan Baudron); climate change in fisheries (PhD students Ikpewe Idongesit and Jonathan Ellis); discard/bycatch mitigation (Smartrawl); and the use of uncrewed surface vehicles (USV) to study fish around artificial marine structures.
I moved to Heriot-Watt University in 2022 to pursue lines of marine technology, working with their new National Robotarium and the Oceans System Lab (Yvan Petillot). Here, I work with Joshua Lawrence et al, on a few projects which involve fisheries acoustics to study fish around artificial marine structures, such as windfarms. We are developing USVs and AUVs for this purpose, equipping them with Simrad WBT minis - a portable echosounder somewhat smaller than the ones I started with back in 1988! You can find out more here.